Compare Black Hills Communities
25 towns and unincorporated communities. Pick two to four and the full table appears underneath. Commutes are driving times to the Ellsworth main gate and downtown Rapid City. Median sold prices, where we have them, come from the MLS over the trailing twelve months with the source, window and sale count printed under each figure. Typical price bands are practical search ranges, not medians, and are labelled separately.
0 of 25 communities
Price filters only consider communities with a published trailing twelve month median, so towns without one do not appear in a price filter.
The five facts that decide a shortlist
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Between Buffalo Gap, Box Elder, Rapid Valley, Keystone
The rows below are the ones where these do not read the same. Ordered as the table runs, not by importance.
- Region
- Buffalo GapCentral and Southern HillsBox ElderRapid City and the Ellsworth corridorRapid ValleyRapid City and the Ellsworth corridorKeystoneCentral and Southern Hills
- County
- Buffalo GapCuster CountyBox ElderPennington CountyRapid ValleyPennington CountyKeystonePennington County
- Jurisdiction
- Buffalo GapIncorporated town of Buffalo Gap, with Custer County outside the limits.Box ElderCity of Box ElderRapid ValleyUnincorporated. There is no city government. Pennington County is the governing body, and Rapid City's subdivision rules still apply within three miles of the city limits.KeystoneIncorporated town of Keystone, with unincorporated Pennington County on the surrounding hillsides.
- Corridor
- Buffalo GapSD 79Box ElderI-90Rapid ValleySD 44 and Elk Vale RoadKeystoneUS 16A
- To downtown Rapid City
- Buffalo GapAbout 45 miles, roughly 56 minutesBox Elder19 min, 10.9 miRapid Valley11 min, 5.2 miKeystoneAbout 25 minutes northeast
- To Ellsworth AFB
- Buffalo GapAbout 55 milesBox Elder9 min, 2.3 miRapid Valley22 min, 10.4 miKeystoneAbout 40 minutes
Buffalo Gap, Box Elder, Rapid Valley, Keystone
Rows marked as differing are the ones where these do not read alike. Rows without the mark sit on a quiet background because they say the same thing in every column.
| Attribute | Central and Southern HillsBuffalo Gap | Rapid City and the Ellsworth corridorRapid Valley | Central and Southern HillsKeystone | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Where it sits | ||||
| Regiondiffers | Central and Southern Hills | Rapid City and the Ellsworth corridor | Rapid City and the Ellsworth corridor | Central and Southern Hills |
| Countydiffers | Custer County | Pennington County | Pennington County | Pennington County |
| JurisdictiondiffersCity versus county decides who provides service and who inspects the work. | Incorporated town of Buffalo Gap, with Custer County outside the limits. | City of Box Elder | Unincorporated. There is no city government. Pennington County is the governing body, and Rapid City's subdivision rules still apply within three miles of the city limits. | Incorporated town of Keystone, with unincorporated Pennington County on the surrounding hillsides. |
| Corridordiffers | SD 79 | I-90 | SD 44 and Elk Vale Road | US 16A |
| To downtown Rapid Citydiffers | About 45 miles, roughly 56 minutesDriving time and distance, off peak. | 19 min, 10.9 miDriving time and distance, off peak. | 11 min, 5.2 miDriving time and distance, off peak. | About 25 minutes northeastDriving time and distance, off peak. |
| To Ellsworth AFBdiffers | About 55 milesDistance only. Drive time is not measured for this community, so time it from the parcel. | 9 min, 2.3 miDriving time and distance, off peak. | 22 min, 10.4 miDriving time and distance, off peak. | About 40 minutesDriving time and distance, off peak. |
| Winter drivingdiffers | Highway 79 is state maintained and is the connection to Hot Springs and Rapid City. Off it, this is open prairie with blowing snow. | I-90 is state maintained and the city clears the newer plats. Box Elder publishes no plow priority map, so ask a neighbor how the street clears after a real storm. | Highway 44 and Elk Vale are state and county priorities. Interior subdivision streets are county maintained and clear after the arterials do. | Black Hills elevation on canyon roads, and a town that empties out for the season. Iron Mountain Road and the scenic routes are not winter commuting roads. |
| Housing and lots | ||||
| Typical pricediffers | One single family sale shows in the Black Hills MLS over 24 months, at $80,000. One closing is a sample of one rather than a price level, so read it that way. | $340k to $400kMedian sold $367,000. Black Hills MLS, single family, trailing 12 months, as of August 2026. 235 closed sales. | About $350,000 average sold, 274 sales over 12 monthsAverage sold $349,971. Black Hills MLS, single family, 12 months through August 2026, as of August 2026. 274 closed sales. | About $618,000 average sold, but only 9 sales over 24 monthsAverage sold $618,449. Black Hills MLS, single family, 24 months through August 2026, as of August 2026. 9 closed sales, small sample. |
| Housing agediffers | An 1885 to 1939 historic core with an aging housing stock and about a fifth of units vacant. | Heavily new construction since the B-21 announcement | Mostly late twentieth century through current, with active building on the edges. | An 1883 mining town, so genuinely old stock alongside newer builds and cabins. |
| New constructiondiffers | None underway | Active, with subdivisions still building | Active, with subdivisions still building | Limited, mostly infill and small projects |
| Acreagediffers | Acreage parcels are common here | Not recorded townwide in this guide. The recorded plat carries the lot size. | Some acreage, mostly platted town lots | Some acreage, mostly platted town lots |
| Typical lotdiffers | A handful of historic townsite lots, with grassland and ranch ground around them. | Small city lots, about 0.15 to 0.18 acres in the newer plats | Suburban lots through the core, larger parcels toward Reservoir and Radar Hill Roads. | Small and steep in town, larger on the surrounding hillsides outside the limits. |
| Covenants and HOAdiffersCovenants are recorded per plat. The title commitment lists what binds the parcel. | Few plats here carry recorded covenants | Not recorded townwide in this guide. Read the recorded documents for the plat. | Recorded covenants on some plats, none on others | Few plats here carry recorded covenants |
| Utilities and rules | ||||
| Utility patterndiffers | Mixed, municipal service in town with well and septic outside it | City water and sewer inside the limits | Utility service varies by address. Rapid Valley Sanitary District serves portions of the area, while properties outside district service may use private wells and septic systems. | Mixed, municipal service in town with well and septic outside it |
| Waterdiffers | Town of Buffalo Gap municipal water from a single well, serving about 93 connections. Rural parcels are on private wells. | City of Box Elder municipal | Rapid Valley Sanitary District, treating Rapid Creek water at its own plant, with the ability to buy treated water from Rapid City at peak demand. Parcels outside the district are on private wells. | Town of Keystone municipal water inside the limits, drawn from town wells, with no violations on its current record. Parcels outside the town limits are on private wells. |
| Sewerdiffers | Not documented in the public record. There is no municipal wastewater project or discharge permit on file that I could find. Confirm with the town finance officer before assuming either town sewer or septic. | City of Box Elder municipal | Rapid Valley Sanitary District owns and maintains the collection system, and Rapid City treats the wastewater under an intergovernmental agreement. Parcels outside the district are on private septic. | Confirm with the town before you rely on it. The town operates public works, but I have not been able to verify from the public record whether it runs a collection system or which parcels it reaches. Outside the limits, expect private septic. |
| Fire protectiondiffersThe responding department and the distance to it both affect an insurance quote. | Not recorded townwide in this guide. Confirm the responding department by address. | Not recorded townwide in this guide. Confirm the responding department by address. | Rapid Valley Volunteer Fire Department, which also provides EMS and wildland response. | Not recorded townwide in this guide. Confirm the responding department by address. |
| Short term rentalsdiffers | This is hunting and grassland country rather than a tourism corridor. Demand is seasonal and specific. | A verify first town for rental plans, with one specific misconception the guide clears up. | Unincorporated Pennington County has no city short-term rental ordinance to comply with, which is not the same as no rules. County zoning and any subdivision covenants still govern, and state licensing applies. | A 2 percent municipal lodging tax applies to transient stays. Whether a separate short term rental ordinance exists is not clear from the public record, so confirm with the town in writing. |
| Schools | ||||
| School districtdiffers | Hot Springs School District 23-2, despite the town being in Custer CountyAssignment follows the official boundary for the address. Confirm with the district. | Douglas School District 51-1Assignment follows the official boundary for the address. Confirm with the district. | Mostly Rapid City Area School District 51-4, with portions in Douglas 51-1Assignment follows the official boundary for the address. Confirm with the district. | Hill City School District 51-2Assignment follows the official boundary for the address. Confirm with the district. |
| Daily errands | ||||
| Groceriesdiffers | Nothing full service in town. Hot Springs, about 14 miles south, is where errands happen. | Lynn's Dakotamart is a full-service grocery store in town. | Retail and everyday shopping run along Highway 44 on the southern edge, with additional grocery options a few minutes west in Rapid City. | Nothing full service in town. Hill City is the closest small grocery and Rapid City is the real shopping, about 25 minutes northeast. |
| Healthcarediffers | Fall River Health Services in Hot Springs, a 25 bed critical access hospital with a 24 hour emergency department and a rural health clinic, about 18 minutes away. | Monument Health Box Elder Clinic provides primary and urgent care in town. Hospital-level care is in Rapid City. | Monument Health Rapid Valley Clinic provides primary and urgent care in the community. Hospital-level care is in Rapid City. | No clinic in town. Monument Health Custer Hospital has a 24 hour emergency department, and Rapid City has the larger hospital. |
| Recreationdiffers | Buffalo Gap National Grassland, hunting, rock collecting and OHV country, with the Cheyenne River nearby. | The Liberty Center, the city park and ballfield network, and the South Dakota Air and Space Museum are the in-town recreation. The Badlands are a day trip, not your neighborhood park. | Rapid Creek, the county parks east of town, and everything the Hills offer half an hour west. | Mount Rushmore is past the town boundary, the 1880 Train runs from the Winter Street depot, and Custer State Park and the Norbeck Scenic Byway are close. |
| Mapped subdivisions | ||||
| Outlines on filediffers | No recorded subdivision outlines drawn for this community yet. | 16 mapped outlines, 3 with a full guideReference outlines from county and city GIS, not surveys. The recorded plat controls. | No recorded subdivision outlines drawn for this community yet. | No recorded subdivision outlines drawn for this community yet. |
| The trade | ||||
| Housing and patterndiffers | A nearly intact turn-of-the-century western streetscape on the National Register, mostly quiet, at the gate to the grassland. | A young city building its first downtown at Liberty Plaza on 110 acres, with roughly 800 residential units planned. | The region's largest unincorporated community: suburban streets, high ownership, county government. | An 1883 mining camp turned tourism town at the gateway to Mount Rushmore, 240 residents and millions of visitors. |
| What you gaindiffers | Eighteen minutes from the hospital in Hot Springs, with 600,000 acres of grassland out the door and one MLS closing in two years to price from. | The Ellsworth main gate is in town, 9 minutes from most addresses, on city water and sewer, with the region's newest housing pipeline. | Rapid City schools and a five mile commute without Rapid City property taxes, plus a walk-in clinic in the neighborhood. | Nightly rental demand runs about as high as anywhere in the Black Hills, if the rules and the covenants check out for the specific property. |
| What you give updiffers | No school, no store and no services in town, an aging water system with an open compliance item, and an undocumented sewer situation. | Comparable sales run thin inside brand new subdivisions and builder incentives move the effective price without moving the list price. I-90 fills at shift change, and the flight line is close enough that you hear it. | No city services, a sanitary district bill instead of a city utility bill, and an annexation line that only the parcel record can settle. | A seasonal town with no school, no grocery and no clinic, and a housing stock where half the doors are dark in winter. |
- Central and Southern HillsBuffalo Gap
- Rapid City and the Ellsworth corridorRapid Valley
- Central and Southern HillsKeystone
Where it sits
Regiondiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Central and Southern Hills
- Box Elder
- Rapid City and the Ellsworth corridor
- Rapid Valley
- Rapid City and the Ellsworth corridor
- Keystone
- Central and Southern Hills
Countydiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Custer County
- Box Elder
- Pennington County
- Rapid Valley
- Pennington County
- Keystone
- Pennington County
Jurisdictiondiffers
City versus county decides who provides service and who inspects the work.- Buffalo Gap
- Incorporated town of Buffalo Gap, with Custer County outside the limits.
- Box Elder
- City of Box Elder
- Rapid Valley
- Unincorporated. There is no city government. Pennington County is the governing body, and Rapid City's subdivision rules still apply within three miles of the city limits.
- Keystone
- Incorporated town of Keystone, with unincorporated Pennington County on the surrounding hillsides.
Corridordiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- SD 79
- Box Elder
- I-90
- Rapid Valley
- SD 44 and Elk Vale Road
- Keystone
- US 16A
To downtown Rapid Citydiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- About 45 miles, roughly 56 minutesDriving time and distance, off peak.
- Box Elder
- 19 min, 10.9 miDriving time and distance, off peak.
- Rapid Valley
- 11 min, 5.2 miDriving time and distance, off peak.
- Keystone
- About 25 minutes northeastDriving time and distance, off peak.
To Ellsworth AFBdiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- About 55 milesDistance only. Drive time is not measured for this community, so time it from the parcel.
- Box Elder
- 9 min, 2.3 miDriving time and distance, off peak.
- Rapid Valley
- 22 min, 10.4 miDriving time and distance, off peak.
- Keystone
- About 40 minutesDriving time and distance, off peak.
Winter drivingdiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Highway 79 is state maintained and is the connection to Hot Springs and Rapid City. Off it, this is open prairie with blowing snow.
- Box Elder
- I-90 is state maintained and the city clears the newer plats. Box Elder publishes no plow priority map, so ask a neighbor how the street clears after a real storm.
- Rapid Valley
- Highway 44 and Elk Vale are state and county priorities. Interior subdivision streets are county maintained and clear after the arterials do.
- Keystone
- Black Hills elevation on canyon roads, and a town that empties out for the season. Iron Mountain Road and the scenic routes are not winter commuting roads.
Housing and lots
Typical pricediffers
- Buffalo Gap
- One single family sale shows in the Black Hills MLS over 24 months, at $80,000. One closing is a sample of one rather than a price level, so read it that way.
- Box Elder
- $340k to $400kMedian sold $367,000. Black Hills MLS, single family, trailing 12 months, as of August 2026. 235 closed sales.
- Rapid Valley
- About $350,000 average sold, 274 sales over 12 monthsAverage sold $349,971. Black Hills MLS, single family, 12 months through August 2026, as of August 2026. 274 closed sales.
- Keystone
- About $618,000 average sold, but only 9 sales over 24 monthsAverage sold $618,449. Black Hills MLS, single family, 24 months through August 2026, as of August 2026. 9 closed sales, small sample.
Housing agediffers
- Buffalo Gap
- An 1885 to 1939 historic core with an aging housing stock and about a fifth of units vacant.
- Box Elder
- Heavily new construction since the B-21 announcement
- Rapid Valley
- Mostly late twentieth century through current, with active building on the edges.
- Keystone
- An 1883 mining town, so genuinely old stock alongside newer builds and cabins.
New constructiondiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- None underway
- Box Elder
- Active, with subdivisions still building
- Rapid Valley
- Active, with subdivisions still building
- Keystone
- Limited, mostly infill and small projects
Acreagediffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Acreage parcels are common here
- Box Elder
- Not recorded townwide in this guide. The recorded plat carries the lot size.
- Rapid Valley
- Some acreage, mostly platted town lots
- Keystone
- Some acreage, mostly platted town lots
Typical lotdiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- A handful of historic townsite lots, with grassland and ranch ground around them.
- Box Elder
- Small city lots, about 0.15 to 0.18 acres in the newer plats
- Rapid Valley
- Suburban lots through the core, larger parcels toward Reservoir and Radar Hill Roads.
- Keystone
- Small and steep in town, larger on the surrounding hillsides outside the limits.
Covenants and HOAdiffers
Covenants are recorded per plat. The title commitment lists what binds the parcel.- Buffalo Gap
- Few plats here carry recorded covenants
- Box Elder
- Not recorded townwide in this guide. Read the recorded documents for the plat.
- Rapid Valley
- Recorded covenants on some plats, none on others
- Keystone
- Few plats here carry recorded covenants
Utilities and rules
Utility patterndiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Mixed, municipal service in town with well and septic outside it
- Box Elder
- City water and sewer inside the limits
- Rapid Valley
- Utility service varies by address. Rapid Valley Sanitary District serves portions of the area, while properties outside district service may use private wells and septic systems.
- Keystone
- Mixed, municipal service in town with well and septic outside it
Waterdiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Town of Buffalo Gap municipal water from a single well, serving about 93 connections. Rural parcels are on private wells.
- Box Elder
- City of Box Elder municipal
- Rapid Valley
- Rapid Valley Sanitary District, treating Rapid Creek water at its own plant, with the ability to buy treated water from Rapid City at peak demand. Parcels outside the district are on private wells.
- Keystone
- Town of Keystone municipal water inside the limits, drawn from town wells, with no violations on its current record. Parcels outside the town limits are on private wells.
Sewerdiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Not documented in the public record. There is no municipal wastewater project or discharge permit on file that I could find. Confirm with the town finance officer before assuming either town sewer or septic.
- Box Elder
- City of Box Elder municipal
- Rapid Valley
- Rapid Valley Sanitary District owns and maintains the collection system, and Rapid City treats the wastewater under an intergovernmental agreement. Parcels outside the district are on private septic.
- Keystone
- Confirm with the town before you rely on it. The town operates public works, but I have not been able to verify from the public record whether it runs a collection system or which parcels it reaches. Outside the limits, expect private septic.
Fire protectiondiffers
The responding department and the distance to it both affect an insurance quote.- Buffalo Gap
- Not recorded townwide in this guide. Confirm the responding department by address.
- Box Elder
- Not recorded townwide in this guide. Confirm the responding department by address.
- Rapid Valley
- Rapid Valley Volunteer Fire Department, which also provides EMS and wildland response.
- Keystone
- Not recorded townwide in this guide. Confirm the responding department by address.
Short term rentalsdiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- This is hunting and grassland country rather than a tourism corridor. Demand is seasonal and specific.
- Box Elder
- A verify first town for rental plans, with one specific misconception the guide clears up.
- Rapid Valley
- Unincorporated Pennington County has no city short-term rental ordinance to comply with, which is not the same as no rules. County zoning and any subdivision covenants still govern, and state licensing applies.
- Keystone
- A 2 percent municipal lodging tax applies to transient stays. Whether a separate short term rental ordinance exists is not clear from the public record, so confirm with the town in writing.
Schools
School districtdiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Hot Springs School District 23-2, despite the town being in Custer CountyAssignment follows the official boundary for the address. Confirm with the district.
- Box Elder
- Douglas School District 51-1Assignment follows the official boundary for the address. Confirm with the district.
- Rapid Valley
- Mostly Rapid City Area School District 51-4, with portions in Douglas 51-1Assignment follows the official boundary for the address. Confirm with the district.
- Keystone
- Hill City School District 51-2Assignment follows the official boundary for the address. Confirm with the district.
Daily errands
Groceriesdiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Nothing full service in town. Hot Springs, about 14 miles south, is where errands happen.
- Box Elder
- Lynn's Dakotamart is a full-service grocery store in town.
- Rapid Valley
- Retail and everyday shopping run along Highway 44 on the southern edge, with additional grocery options a few minutes west in Rapid City.
- Keystone
- Nothing full service in town. Hill City is the closest small grocery and Rapid City is the real shopping, about 25 minutes northeast.
Healthcarediffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Fall River Health Services in Hot Springs, a 25 bed critical access hospital with a 24 hour emergency department and a rural health clinic, about 18 minutes away.
- Box Elder
- Monument Health Box Elder Clinic provides primary and urgent care in town. Hospital-level care is in Rapid City.
- Rapid Valley
- Monument Health Rapid Valley Clinic provides primary and urgent care in the community. Hospital-level care is in Rapid City.
- Keystone
- No clinic in town. Monument Health Custer Hospital has a 24 hour emergency department, and Rapid City has the larger hospital.
Recreationdiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Buffalo Gap National Grassland, hunting, rock collecting and OHV country, with the Cheyenne River nearby.
- Box Elder
- The Liberty Center, the city park and ballfield network, and the South Dakota Air and Space Museum are the in-town recreation. The Badlands are a day trip, not your neighborhood park.
- Rapid Valley
- Rapid Creek, the county parks east of town, and everything the Hills offer half an hour west.
- Keystone
- Mount Rushmore is past the town boundary, the 1880 Train runs from the Winter Street depot, and Custer State Park and the Norbeck Scenic Byway are close.
Mapped subdivisions
Outlines on filediffers
- Buffalo Gap
- No recorded subdivision outlines drawn for this community yet.
- Box Elder
- 16 mapped outlines, 3 with a full guideReference outlines from county and city GIS, not surveys. The recorded plat controls.
- Rapid Valley
- No recorded subdivision outlines drawn for this community yet.
- Keystone
- No recorded subdivision outlines drawn for this community yet.
The trade
Housing and patterndiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- A nearly intact turn-of-the-century western streetscape on the National Register, mostly quiet, at the gate to the grassland.
- Box Elder
- A young city building its first downtown at Liberty Plaza on 110 acres, with roughly 800 residential units planned.
- Rapid Valley
- The region's largest unincorporated community: suburban streets, high ownership, county government.
- Keystone
- An 1883 mining camp turned tourism town at the gateway to Mount Rushmore, 240 residents and millions of visitors.
What you gaindiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- Eighteen minutes from the hospital in Hot Springs, with 600,000 acres of grassland out the door and one MLS closing in two years to price from.
- Box Elder
- The Ellsworth main gate is in town, 9 minutes from most addresses, on city water and sewer, with the region's newest housing pipeline.
- Rapid Valley
- Rapid City schools and a five mile commute without Rapid City property taxes, plus a walk-in clinic in the neighborhood.
- Keystone
- Nightly rental demand runs about as high as anywhere in the Black Hills, if the rules and the covenants check out for the specific property.
What you give updiffers
- Buffalo Gap
- No school, no store and no services in town, an aging water system with an open compliance item, and an undocumented sewer situation.
- Box Elder
- Comparable sales run thin inside brand new subdivisions and builder incentives move the effective price without moving the list price. I-90 fills at shift change, and the flight line is close enough that you hear it.
- Rapid Valley
- No city services, a sanitary district bill instead of a city utility bill, and an annexation line that only the parcel record can settle.
- Keystone
- A seasonal town with no school, no grocery and no clinic, and a housing stock where half the doors are dark in winter.
Commute figures are driving times off peak, from the community guide each card links to. Median sold prices come from the MLS, and each figure carries its own source, window and closing count, because Sturgis, Spearfish and the northern hills report through a different MLS than Rapid City. Under five closings there is no median, and the price row says so. Five to nine closings carries a small sample note. School districts follow the official boundary for the address, and the district office is the only place to confirm an assignment. Short term rental lines are summaries. Read the guide and the current ordinance before you count on rental income.
The filters use these definitions: under $400k is the MLS sold figure for the town, a median where one is published and otherwise the average sold, comes in under $400,000; close to ellsworth is 25 minutes or less to the Ellsworth main gate; close to rapid city is 20 minutes or less to downtown Rapid City; short commute is 15 minutes or less to either downtown Rapid City or the Ellsworth gate; new construction available is the guide establishes active or limited new construction; acreage available is acreage is common or present in the guide; city water and sewer is city water and sewer across the community; smaller market is fewer than 100 closed single family sales in the trailing twelve months; more rural is acreage is common, or water and sewer are not municipal throughout; established housing is the guide classifies the housing stock as established, meaning largely pre 2000; newer housing is the guide classifies a meaningful share of the housing stock as 2000s or later.
Every row here is a townwide summary and a single parcel can read differently. Buyer due diligence should include verifying water and sewer service, school assignment, recorded covenants and HOA obligations, rental rules, legal access, insurance availability and which jurisdiction inspects and permits the work, for the exact address. Confirm with the city or county, the utility or district, the school district office, the title company and your insurer as applicable.
Last updated August 2026
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Two towns can look identical in a table and feel nothing alike on a Tuesday night in February. Call or text and tell me which rows above are the ones you cannot live with, and we can work the list down from there.
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Send the address and we can talk it through. The details that change from one property to the next are jurisdiction, water and sewer, the school the district assigns, covenants, road maintenance and the rest of what never shows up on a listing.
